现在完成时的用法(现在完成时的用法归纳)
现在完成时的用法(现在完成时的用法归纳)
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Hi guys. Dan for BBC Learning English here.
大家好，我是 BBC 英语教学的丹。
In this Masterclass, well be taking a look at mistakes that native speakers commonly make.
在这节大师课上，我们来看看英语母语者经常犯的“错误”。
Are you ready? Here we go.
你准备好了吗？我们开始吧。
Behold, native speakers in their natural environment.
看，在他们自然环境中的英语母语者。
Observe how they interact verbally, filled with deep and meaningful communication.
观察他们是如何进行充既深刻又有意义的交流。
They are social, verbose, articulate, and always, always, always 100% grammatically correct.
他们善于交际，唠唠叨叨，口齿清晰，语法总是 100% 正确。
Worship them in all their glory.
把膝盖送给他们吧。
Rubbish! Native speakers make mistakes too — not me, Im fantastic, but everybody else.
胡说！英语母语者也会犯错——不是我，我很棒，而是其他人。
Now, guys, its important to remember that as we continue, these mistakes are only mistakes according to the rules of standard English.
现在，朋友们，重要的是要记住，随着我们继续学习，这些错误只是标准英语规则中的错误。
But the rules of standard English dont allow for regional variation, changes in formality, and personal preference, which is of course very important.
但是标准英语的规则不允许地域差异、形式的变化和个人偏好，这当然是非常重要的。
So, please bear this in mind as we continue.
所以，在我们继续学习的时候请记住这一点。
Are you ready?
你准备好了吗？
Number 1. How was the test? H *** e you finished?
第一个。考试怎么样？你做完了吗？
Yeah! I done it!
是啊！我做完！
Stop stop stop stop stop!
停！停！停！停！
I cant tell you the number of times Ive heard this.
我都不知道听过多少次了。
In this case, a person has used a past participle either as a past simple verb like I did it or theyve forgotten to include h *** e to make the present perfect. I h *** e done it.
在这个例子中，有人用了过去分词作为一般过去时的动词，比如 I did it，或者他们忘记使用 h *** e 来构成现在完成时，I h *** e done it。
If the action is completed and in the past they should use the past simple I did it, and if the action is completed in the past and but is still important in the conversation now, they should use I h *** e done it.
如果动作是在过去完成的，那么他们应该用一般过去 I did it，如果动作是在过去完成的，但是在现在的对话中仍然有重要作用，那么他们应该用 I h *** e done it。
No!
不对！
How was the test? H *** e you finished?
考试怎么样？你做完了吗？
Yeah! I h *** e done it!
是呀！我做完了！
So, its quite common to hear people say Me and John went to the shops.
经常听到人们说“我和约翰去商店了”。
But technically this is wrong.
但从技术上讲，这是错误的。
Me is an object pronoun, but in the sentence me and John went to the shops, me and John are subjects.
Me 是宾语代词，但是在 Me and John went to the shops 这句话中，Me 和 John 是主语。
That means that me should be I.
这意味着 me 应该是 I。
Secondly, in English its considered impolite to put yourself before somebody else, so they should switch the pronouns around.
其次，在英语中，把自己放在别人之前被认为是不礼貌的，所以他们应该调换一下代词。
Not I and John but John and I. Got it?
不是 I and John 而是 John and I。明白了吗？
No!
不对！
Ok, weve got the shopping. Is there anything else?
好的，我们已经去购物了，还有什么事吗？
Yes, I need to quickly stop at the bank.
是的，我需要迅速在银行停一下。
So, a full infinitive is a construction of to+a verb.
不定式的完整结构是 to+动词。
Many would argue that to and the verb should never be separated and this usually h *** ens when an adverb intrudes.
很多人认为 to 和动词不应该分开，当副词插入时通常会这样。
For example, I wanted to violently punch him in the head! What we should do is move the adverb to the position after the verb or the position before.
例如，“我想猛击他的头！”我们要做的是把副词移到动词后面或者动词前面。
So, in this sentence I need to quickly stop at the bank we should say I quickly need to stop at the bank or I need to stop at the bank quickly. Got it?
所以，在 I need to quick stop at the bank 这个句子中，我们应该说 I quickly need to stop at the bank 或者 I need to stop at the bank quickly。明白了吗？
No!
不对！
Remember guys, that spoken communication is usually more informal and more relaxed than written communication and its more important to be clearly understood than to stick to rigid grammar rules.
记住伙计们，口语交流通常比书面交流更非正式、更轻松，清楚地理解比坚持严格的语法规则更重要。
Go out there and do your best, thats the most important thing and remember that no one, but no one is perfect — except me!
出去走走，尽你最大的努力，这是最重要的。记住，没有人是完美的，但没有人是完美的——除了我！
See you next time.
下次见。